Undergraduate Thesis Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Major in Financial Management University of Rizal System Binangonan 2025

"This study aimed to determine the Cash Management Practices of Photo Studio Businesses in the First District of Rizal in terms of Cash Receipts and Cash Disbursement. The researchers used the descriptive research method to determine the recent cash management practices of the Photo Studios Businesses through gathering data using the questionnaire checklist to 32 Owners/Managers of the businesses. The data collected were treated with different statistical instruments such as frequency, percentage and rank distribution, weighted mean, and one- way analysis of variance. From the analyzed and interpreted data, the researchers summarize the following findings. Some of the respondents are adults and have a more than 10 years length of service; majority were male and college graduate; great majority were married; and few of them have high monthly income. With regards to respondent's perception, the obtained general mean was 3.68, which means, the owner/manager of Photo Studio Businesses often provide a good cash receipt management while in terms of cash disbursement. the obtained general mean was 3.66, which means, the owner/manager often provide a good cash disbursement management. It further indicates from the tested null hypothesis that there was no significant difference from the respondent's perception on the cash management practices of Photo Studio Businesses in the First District of Rizal in terms of age, sex, civil status, educational attainment, average monthly income and length of service. Whereas, there was significant difference between the respondent's perception on cash receipt management practices in terms of forms of business organization. The proposed cash management practices framework for photo studio businesses in the First District of Rizal offers a practical guide for effectively managing cash to ensure financial stability and growth. It starts with creating monthly cash flow projections that outline financing, investing, and operating activities to predict profits and future needs. A detailed budget should be made, distinguishing between fixed and variable costs, and updated monthly to reflect seasonal changes and actual performance. Setting specific client payment terms, like collecting deposits in advance and establishing monthly payments before events, can help maintain steady cash inflows. To avoid cash shortages, it's important to closely monitor expenses, negotiate better terms with suppliers, and adjust spending based on cash flow forecasts. While a simple cash accounting method is an option, a hybrid approach using accounting software for reporting and tracking expenses is recommended for better accuracy. Keeping a cash reserve is vital for handling unexpected costs and slow periods, ensuring the photo studio manages cash efficiently, maintains liquidity, and supports long-term, sustainable growth. From the summary of findings, the researchers conclude the following: The respondents who have different forms of business organization affect their perception on cash receipt or on cash receipt management practices, respectively. Based on the cash receipt practices, the respondents perceived that they rarely borrow money from other institutions to meet current cash deficits, sometimes assigning a responsible person for handling cash receipts and records of cash by the person without access to cash and minimizing borrowing funds from other institutions. The cash receipts and collections are the most vulnerable and fraud-sensitive transactions that require internal control on balancing and reconciliation procedures to ensure that all money received is handled and recorded accurately. On the other hand, the cash disbursement management practices show that the owner/manager of Photo Studio Businesses never allows other businesses to borrow their excess money and sometimes invests their excess cash that yields to the maximum benefit of the business. Regarding these findings, borrowing and lending money to other institutions is not a bad practice because debt in some form, is another part of our financial profiles whether we like it or not, and it can be a useful way to build wealth if it is managed carefully and wisely. With effective cash management, companies can maximize their profits by investing surplus cash to yield returns without compromising liquidity. These practices that they sometimes do can improve a company's growth, interest or other investment income. In conclusion, the findings suggest that photo studio businesses demonstrate commendable cash management practices, as perceived by respondents. These businesses consistently implement key practices such as accurately recording and securely safekeeping daily cash receipts, as well as procuring supplies and materials in a timely manner. Such behaviors reflect a high level of financial discipline, operational efficiency, and strategic resource allocation. Collectively, these practices contribute to the overall financial stability and sustainability of photo studio businesses. Lastly, to ensure financial stability and growth, researchers recommend photo studio businesses should adopt smart cash management practices. Borrowing from financial institutions should be viewed as a strategic tool for expansion enabling investment in skilled staff, advanced equipment, and marketing rather than something to avoid. However, borrowing to cover cash shortfalls or lending excess funds should be avoided, as both increase financial"